For the beginner level, we will learn Numpy basic functions and Random methods in the second part of the Numpy series. If you want to reach the first section, you can reach it here.
As in the first lesson, we will repeat the topics we learned with examples, and also the codes of the topics in this lesson will be given on Github.
Github embed will be used for the readability and easy accessibility of the codes. Let’s start with the first topic.
Numpy Methods
Numpy makes your work easier with many methods and functions. In this section, we will cover simple methods. In the other section, we will look at more complex methods.
Let’s start with the Arange method, the arange method creates a numpy array with all the values between the two numbers your select.
import numpy as np
array = np.arange(1,10)
print(array)Output: [1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]
One feature of the Arange method is that you can specify how the numbers will increase. The value you write to the 3rd argument determines the multiples of increments.
import numpy as np
array = np.arange(1,10,2)
print(array)Output: [1 3 5 7 9]
Zeros Method
Used to create a data set filled with 0. Can be used for calculations in data science. Let’s see it on python now.
import numpy as np
zero_array = np.zeros(5)
# Create array with 5 zero
print(zero_array)Output: [0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
You can create 1D arrays as well as 2D arrays with the zeros method. Now let’s create a 2D array using the zeros method.
import numpy as np
zero_array = np.zeros((3 , 3))
print(zero_array)Output: [[0. 0. 0.] [0. 0. 0.] [0. 0. 0.]]
Note: If you write ones instead of zeros function, the data will be 1 instead of 0. Using the same operations with ones will only convert the data from 0 to 1.
Linspace Method
The Linspace method is used to create a numpy array with values between 2 numbers divided by equal intervals.
import numpy as np
linspace = np.linspace(0 , 20 , 5)
print(linspace)Output: [0. 5. 10. 15. 20.]
As you can see, the last argument shows how much to divide between two numbers. The Arange method calculates the value between 2 numbers according to the 3rd argument.
import numpy as np
linspace = np.linspace(0 , 100 , 5)
arange = np.arange(0 , 100 , 5)
print("Linspace: " + linspace)
print("Arange:" , arange)Linspace: [ 0. 25. 50. 75. 100.] Arange: [ 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95]
Eye Method In Numpy
It is used to create a matrix and creates a matrix with the values you provide. It has 1 argument, just enter how much matrix you want to create.
import numpy as np
matrix = np.eye(5)
# Create 5 x 5 matrix
print(matrix)[[1. 0. 0. 0. 0.] [0. 1. 0. 0. 0.] [0. 0. 1. 0. 0.] [0. 0. 0. 1. 0.] [0. 0. 0. 0. 1.]]
Random Methods In Numpy
Now we will see the methods used more frequently in projects, after this section we will repeat all the topics with an example.
Let’s start with the random method, we will process it in 2 parts. The Random method generates an array of random data as evident from its name.
import numpy as np
randomFloat = np.random.randn(3)
randomFloat2D = np.random.randn(1,1)
print("Float Random: " + randomFloat)
print("Float2D Random:" , randomFloat2D)Float Random: [ 0.30076992 -0.0201109 2.91586947] --------------------------------------------------- Float2D Random: [[-1.56550763 2.38728812] [-1.33298184 1.07111689]]
Let’s look at randint, another method of the random module, and repeat it with examples.
import numpy as np
# Random number from 0 to 10
randomInt = np.random.randint(0 , 10)
# Random 10 numbers from 0 to 10
randomInt2 = np.random.randint(0 , 10 , 10)
print("Int Random:" , randomInt)
print("Int Random2:" , randomInt2)Int Random: 6 Int Random2: [2 9 3 1 8 0 7 6 0 9]
Summary Numpy Methods
Now let’s summarize all the topics to understand the related topic. In this section, we will summarize all the topics covered. If you do not understand, please read again.
arange = to used create number array zeros = to used create array with 0 value ones = to used create array with 1 value linspace = to used create array by to number range eye = to used create matrix randn = to used create random float value randint = to used create random int value